Contemporary issues in strategic marketing - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 11 Words: 3249 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Statistics Essay Did you like this example? Contemporary Issues in Strategic Marketing Your manager has been to a marketing seminar on The Service Dominant Logic. He has asked you to produce a paper on the implications of implementing an SDK programme within the firm embraces both the strategic and tactical implications and the costs and the benefits. Implications of service-dominant logic Nowadays, we need to set up strategies and tactics in a new way due to the huge changes happening in both consuming and marketing environment. Due to the more and more important role marketing plays in corporate operation, understanding and implementing strategy from marketings view could offer firms a useful means to reconfigure corporate value and management concept. In 2007, the revised definition of marketing by AMA (American Marketing Association) illustrates that marketing is a system of vale transaction in essence. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Contemporary issues in strategic marketing" essay for you Create order Briefly, all forms of goods should be regarded as service. Goods are the physical expression of one or more capabilities, and product is the main type that companies offer, while service, according to Vargo and Lusch (2004), is the application of specialized competences (knowledge and skills). Stephen L. Vargo Robert F. Lusch (2004) also explained that marketing has shifted from the goods-dominant logic (G-D Logic) to servicedominant logic (S-D Logic) which is applicable to all marketing offers (Vargo and Lusch, 2004). They further identified that in fact, all economy is the service economy, and product is just the carrier and physical appearance of the service (Vargo and Lusch, 2004). Apparently, what firms offer is the physical product, but in fact all what they supply is just one kind of service, one solution. Kotler (1977) indicated that the real importance of product to us is not the ownership but the service that we could get from them. Also, there is a growing focus on servi ces in the marketing because service industry dominants the worlds economy nowadays, for example, eighty percent of the current U.S. GDP is derived from the services industry, which employs over 80% of all employees (Ford and Bowen, 2008). The S-D logic intimates a very different kind of purpose and process for marketing activity and for the firm as a whole: to provide service to stakeholders, including customers, stockholders, and employees (Lusch and Vargo 2006, p. 283). All companies should notice that the real implication of serve-dominant logic is the customer satisfaction not the continual innovation and improvement of products, unless this kind of innovation and improvement is for better satisfying customer needs. Firms blind focus on improving products quality and technology would let them ignore the change of customer needs, which will keep them away from customers. Whenever companies can have the service-dominant view, they will be more rational to make strategies. Especially when managing production innovation, firms will not only keep an eye on the product itself but develop the production more efficient based on the services need to be satisfied. So under the serve-dominant logic, firms should firstly be customer-oriented, continually satisfy customer needs; then firms should enhance the service consciousness and improve service quality, which is a fundamental approach to attract new customer, build customer satisfaction and cultivate customer loyalty (Brodie and Little, 2006). A significant change over the 100 years is that customers could actively choose their favourite products from only passively accept corporate product. This is the result of the market competition, is the inevitable phenomenon among the transformation from the sellers market to the buyers market. In the traditional product times, corporate implement the market-and-sell producing value, producers and consumers are completely separated (Baker, 2003, P454). In the past, companies blindly manufacture, ignoring whether or not customers will accept, what they only care is selling products out for profit. However, this method isnt effective anymore because current customers have a lot of alternative choices, part of them are even finicky, they will only choose the product and service satisfying their needs, they will not waste any interest on anything they dont like. In consideration of this situation, more and more companies become smarter. They abandon the obsolete production concept, tur ning to use the sense and response marketing view as the guide, put customers in the core position of the corporate operation. More than that, firms start to involve customers in the process of product design, producing, evaluation. During the whole process of value creation, customers is no longer a passively accepter, but be regarded as the co-producer. The key element of value creation is to cooperate with customers (Normannand Ramirez, 1993). Thus it can be seen that, customer participation is extraordinary important to companies, the interaction between customers and firms is extremely important, especially for the future corporate. In his book future shock, Alvin Toffer explained the upcoming experiential industry, in which customers would not only satisfy with the basic functions products and services offer, they would be willing to allocate high percentages of their salaries to live amazing experiences (Toffler, 1994). In this kind of experience economy, companies will never again simply produce goods, but become an experience platform, co-create value with the customers. Dell and Starbucks are both good examples. Corporate could be regarded as an aggregation of various resources, validly managing these resources could create profit and value. Firms used to believe that tangible resources such as the land, equipment, and materials are the most important assets, because without these resources, companies are unable to organize manufacture. However, in the current service-dominant times, the key resources have changed to be intangible resources like knowledge, experience, technology and innovation etc (Vargo and Lusch, 2004). It can be said that they are base of corporate competence and core capability. This is not to say that those tangible resources are not important any more, but that their importance has comparably diminished, which is because that the buyers market is the dominant in the current economic environment, customers have unprecedented wide range of choices and their needs are escalating, only the high knowledge and technology based products will be favoured by customers. On the other hand, simple physical product without high knowledge and technology is losing competence, which prompts companies to transfer to the knowledge and technology intensive ones. Constantin and Lusch (1994) defined the physical and natural resources to be the operand resources, while the knowledge, technology and innovation kind of resources are be defined as the operant resources (Constantin and Lusch, 1994). This transaction of the focus of resource reveals one fact which is that current corporate competition is no longer the simple competition based on the product, but the full competition based on the knowledge, technology and human resources. If company want to be the winner in such intensively competitive environment, it must set up its own core capability and competitive advantage. Modern corporations more and more emphasize on transferring value from the tangible resources to intangible resources, insisting on creating corporate value through operant resources (Vargo and Lu sch, 2004). S-D Logic emphasizes that knowledge is the fundamental source of competitive advantage, as based on a firms ability to make differentiated use of information flow throughout its value creation chain of suppliers, distributors, and customers (Ford and Bowen, 2008). Also, the transaction of focus of resources requires corporate to make an important change on strategies, which is to be the learning organization. Only learning could increase the group knowledge, experience etc intangible assets in the organization, could create core value. Firms not only need to carry out the internal learning, but also turn its attention to the broader external environment and the whole value chain. Not only requires adaptive learning but also innovative learning. It is indicated by S-D Logic that customer value is created through service experiences and relationships, especially in the co-creation and sharing of resources, including skills and knowledge (Aitken and Ballantyne etc all, 2006). Within the S-D Logic, the customers is a prosumer and co-creator of value, which can lead benefits to both themselves and service providers (Baker, 2003, P461). In the product times, value is almost decided by the producer, value is included in the tangible resources, reflect on the product; however, in the current service times, value is decide by the consumers. Whether or not one product is valuable, how much value it has, thats not producers call, after consumers judgement, its value is embodied in the consumers recognition and acceptance. So this is like that a drop of water is much more valuable than a diamond in the dessert, which is determined by peoples needs. The definition of Customer Perceived Value (CPV) given by Kotler (2003) is the differen ce between the prospective customers evaluation of all benefits and all the costs of an offering and the perceived alternatives (Kotler, 2003, P60). So it can be seen that value relies on customers perception and judgement to a large extent. Customers will make their most important judgments of value received through direct service interactions with firms and on service-ability of goods-in-use (Ballantyne and Aitken, 2007). It can also be said that the time-logic of marketing exchange is open-ended, from pre-sale service interaction to post-sale value-in-use (Ballantyne and Varey, 2006). Baker (2003) said that: all marketing is about value proposition. (Baker, 2003, P452). The service-dominant logic brings marketing innovation to the fore through the sharing of new ideas and knowledge within the firm, and between the firm and key customers and suppliers (Aitken and Ballantyne etc all, 2006). The effect of transition of value determination on strategy is that corporate must implement the innovation process and service progress based on the customers, play close attention to their need, opinions and suggestions, which means that marketing research, product test need to be taken regularly, ensuring customer needs could be satisfied. It is the only way to receive customers recognition and acceptance and let the value of product could express. Also, firms need to maintain stable long-term relationship with customers, set up various social, structural and emotional connections to enhance customer loyalty and customer lifetime value (Aitken and Ballantyne etc all, 2006).Le an solution which fits the S-D logic and the customers role as co-creator could be applied by companies make hands-on strategies, such as continuing improvements, do it right the first time, and management commitment (baker, 2003, P467). Also, there are some principles should be followed (Baker, 2003, P467; Womack and Jones, 2005b, P61): Solve the customers problem completed by ensuring that all the goods and services work, and work together. Do not waste the customers time. Provide exactly what the customer wants. Provide what is wanted exactly where it is wanted. Provide what is wanted where it is wanted exactly when it is wanted. Continually aggregate solutions to reduce the customers time and hassle. In the service times, companies more and more recognize the importance of customers who are the direct origin of profit. Old trading ideas do not emphasize the relationship with customers, ignoring customer needs and satisfaction lead to companys reducing profit and increasing costs. With the further deepen understanding, more and more emphasize on the core position of customers, companies gradually recognize the importance to keep the relationship with customers. This is also one result of the continual development of marketing theories applied to practices. During the process of development, many new concepts have been put forward, such as the Customer Lifetime Value (CLV), Customer Relationship Management (CRM), and Customer Equity (Kotler, 2003). Managers find out it is possible to reduce costs on one side, and attract more new customers by word-of mouth to receive more profit on the other side through building relationship with customers and maintaining customer loyalty. Strategically, corporate choose customers more carefully, they find out that it is not effective to be indiscriminate customer choosing. Companies discover that not all of the customers are profitable; some customers will even bring negative gearing to them, which is because the too high cost to get customers and/or too short customer lifetime circle, and this is called the lost-for-good customers type. Sherden proposed to change the 20-80 rule with the following: 20-80-30, first 20% of customers contribute with 80% to the enterprise profit and half of these profits are used to cover the enterprise losses generated by the last 30% of the unprofitable customers (Sherden, 1994). According to this situation, companies start to consider how to measure customer value, how to identify profitable customers, which lead to the CLV evaluation. What companies could do is to model profit on both an annual basis and on a CLV basis to determine customer value in terms of potential profits and CLV (Christopher, Payne and Ballantyne, 2002, P63). For example, Electro plc collected data analyze its customer acquisition and retention economics at the segment level, by doing so it can clearly identify which segment need to be concentrated on and which one is the waste of investment (Christopher, Payne and Ballantyne, 2002, P53). Through this assessment, companies could find out the most important customers and abandon those unprofitable customers. And adopt different marketing strategies and different resource distribution (such as different pricing policies, quality and level of service) to different categories of customers. Firms very focus on building up stable long-term relationship to achieve the supplier-customer win-win relationship (Baker, 2003, P469). IBM is good at it CRM, it can make the best use of every opportunity contacting with customers to impress them and increase loyalty to company, and finally enhance corporate profit and reduce cost (IBM, 2009). For example, its CRM outsourcing service provide reliable methods, new ideas and innovative thinking to help firms enhance customer-oriented marketing, sales and the effectiveness and efficient of services (IBM, 2009). When companies are pursuing the long-term development, especially when we hope to build a permanent operating institution, we must have a broad view, not only focus on customers current value, but also create and enhance customers lifetime value. Firstly, companies need to ensure the quality of its products could satisfy customers need; then, companies need to be able to provide good consumption experience to attract customer participation and build their loyalty to your brand. Tactics could be that firms not only provide after-sale service, but actively offer lifetime service, cultivate lifetime customers, create lifetime value in further (Lusch, Vargo, and Malter 2006). CRM regards that the total value of the firms customer base is an important driver of company profitability (Kotler, 2003, P52). In order to set up a comprehensive customer database, high-quality, timely, and accurate information need to be collected such as customers demographics, past purchase etc and then put into a data warehouse. And the database could be used by companies on marketing like to identify customer response, make attractive or timely offers ect. However, Kotler (2003) also identified three problems of database marketing: firstly, companies need to spend a large investment in computer hardware, database, software, analytical programs, communication links, and skilled personnel to build and maintain a customer database; secondly, it is difficult to get everyone in the company to be customer-oriented in and to use the available information; thirdly, customer may not want to keep a relationship with the company, some of whom may even think that their personal informati on should not be collected (Kotler, 2003, P55). And some real examples tell us that the database marketing is not helpful to every companys CRM, reasons of failure of CRM implementation could be the high cost, poorly designed system, ignorance by collaborators (Kotler, 2003, P56). Conclusively, we are facing a totally different consumption and marketing environment, so we should also change our ideological foundation of making strategies. Major changes include that marketing has shifted from the goods-dominant logic to servicedominant logic; customers could actively choose their favourite products; the key resources have changed to be intangible resources; customers become a co-creator of value; maintaining customer relationship becomes more and more important to companies. So strategic and tactical implications to companies are: be customer-oriented, continually satisfy customer needs; enhance the service consciousness and improve service quality; increase customer participation; marketing research, product test need to be taken regularly to ensure customer needs could be satisfied; carry out adaptive learning and innovative learning within the company. Two main types of benefits could be brought to companies: reduce costs and increase profit and value throu gh CRM. However, the initial investment is expensive, and it is hard to make ensure everyone one in the company could be customer-oriented, also, some customers may refuse to maintain relationship with firms. Strategy is the direction and scope of an organization over the long term, and the tactics is the specific actions implementing strategy(Johnson and Scholes, 2002, P 10). New Definition of Marketing (est. in 2007): Marketing is the activity, set of institutions, and processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners, and society at large( AMA, 2007). Future shock is a book written by the sociologist and futurologist Alvin Toffer in 1970 The Pareto principle ( also knows the 20-80 rule) states that it is possible for 80% of the companys profit to be provided by 20% of the total number of customers (Sherden, 1994). Customer lifetime value (CLV) is defined as the net present value of the future profit flow over a customers lifetime (Christopher, Payne and Ballantyne, 2002, P62) According to Bill Inmon (1992), a data warehouse is a database that contains the following four characteristics: subject oriented, non-volatile, integrated and time variant (Todman, 2001, P32). Bibliography: Kotler, Philip (1977), Marketing Management: Analysis, Planning, Implementation, and Control, 3d ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Crosby, Philip (1979). Quality is Free. New York: McGraw-Hill. 0-07-014512-1. New Scientist, 19 March 1994, pp. 22-25. Harvard Business Review, 71, July/August, 1993, pp. 65-77 Sherden W.A. (1994) Market Ownership: the Art and Science of Becoming no 1, New York,Amacon Chris Todman (2001) Designing a Data Warehouse: supporting customer relationship Management. Hewlett-packard Company, Prentice Hall PTR, Upper saddle river, New Jersey 07548 Johnson, G. and K. Scholes (2002). Exploring corporate strategy : [TEXT ONLY]. Harlow, Financial Times Prentice Hall. Martin Christopher, Adrian Payne, David Ballantyne (2002) Relationship marketing : creating stakeholder value. Oxford : Butterworth-Heinemann, 2002. Kotler, Philip (2003), Marketing Management 11th (international) ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Baker, Michael John (2003) The marketing book (5th Edition) Oxford :Butterworth-Heinemann. Printed and bound in Great Britain by the Bathe Press, Bath S. L. Vargo and R. F. Lusch (2004). Evolving to a new dominant logic for marketing. Journal of Marketing, 68:1{17, January 2004. Brodie, R.J., Glynn, M.S. and Little, V. (2006), The service brand and the service-dominant logic: missing fundamental premise or the need for stronger theory?, Marketing Theory, Vol. 6 No. 3, pp. 363-79. Robert F. Lusch, Stephen L. Vargo (2006) Service-dominant logic: reactions, reflections and refinements Marketing Theory, Vol. 6, No. 3, 281-288 (2006) Robert Aitken, David Ballantyne. Phil Osborne and John Williams (2006) Introduction to the special issue on the service-dominant logic of marketing: insights from The Otago Forum Marketing Theory 2006; 6; 275 Lusch, R.F. and S.L. Vargo, Eds. (2006). The Service-Dominant Logic of Marketing. Armonk, New York: M.E. Sharpe. Lusch, R.F., S.L. Vargo, A. Malter (2006). Marketing as Service-Exchange: Taking a Leadership Role in Global Marketing Management, Organizational Dynamics (forthcoming). David Ballantyne and Robert Aitken (2007)Branding in B2B markets: insights from the service-dominant logic of marketing, Journal of Business Industrial Marketing Volume 22 Number 6 2007 363371 q Emerald Group Publishing Limited [ISSN 0885-8624] AMA (2007, December 17, 2007 ). AMA Definition of Marketing . Retrieved 7th Nov 2009, from https://www.marketingpower.com/Community/ARC/Pages/Additional/Definition/default.aspx. ROBERT C. FORD and DAVID E. BOWEN (2008) A Service-Dominant Logic for Management Education: Its Time. Academy of Management Learning Education, 2008, Vol. 7, No. 2, 224243. IBM (2009) Build sustainable competitive advantage and accelerate time-to-benefit in marketing, sales and service https://www-935.ibm.com/services/th/index.wss/offerfamily/gts/e1028096 (Available) Accessed on 13th Nov, 2009

Beowulf Young and Old Essay - 765 Words

Beowulf Young and Old Despite Beowulf’s almost supernatural strength, stamina and stature, he ages just the same as any other human being. In the human life cycle, one generally begins naive and inexperienced and ages into an adult of more wisdom and knowledge. Akin to others in his time, Beowulf starts as a young fearless warrior and grows into an aged prudent king. From the beginning of his life as a warrior to the end as a king, he gains and develops glory, responsibility and courage, all vital to his reign as a successful king. Beowulf’s responsibility differs from a warrior to a king. As a young fighter he has responsibility to his Geatish king as well as to Hrothgar. His king, Hyglac, relies on Beowulf to represent him and†¦show more content†¦Beowulf’s virtues of courage and strength appear throughout the poem during his life as a warrior and as a king. He begins the story with courage and â€Å"the strength of thirty / in the grip of each hand† (380-381), which are vital to his accomplishments as a warrior. His courage and strength are apparent when he fights Grendel without the use of weapons. Both virtues are crucial to his success in that battle and lead him to become a leader of wisdom and stature. As king of Heorot he uses his courage and strength in the battle against the dragon. Before the fight he has a feeling of uncertainty and it is stated â€Å"He was sad at heart / unsettled yet ready, sensing his death. / His fate hovered near, unknowing but certain: / It wou ld soon claim his coffered soul.† (2419-2424). His sense of forthcoming death may illustrates a lack of confidence in his ability to slay the dragon; however, it also shows tremendous courage by involving himself in an unevenly matched fight. Although his physical strength may have abandoned him in his last fight against the dragon, his courage and wisdom intensified his glory beyond his death. Beowulf’s fame and glory is essential to him much like it is to the rest of the Norse culture. When Beowulf first appears to Hrothgar he makes an effort to brag regarding his achievements as a warrior and claims â€Å"‘They had seen me bolstered in the blood of enemies / when I battled and bound five beasts, / raided a troll-nest and in theShow MoreRelatedBeowulf And The Anglo Saxon Period1740 Words   |  7 PagesBeowulf The original poem, Beowulf, goes back to the Anglo-Saxon period in c. 650 and c.1100. Authors translated Beowulf many times in the Anglo-Saxon period to present day. It displays how a hero should be in the real world. He helps the people in the village and slays monsters. Everyone in the village looks up to him as he acts as if he were a role model. 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The competitive Environment of Tesco in the UK Essay Example For Students

The competitive Environment of Tesco in the UK Essay Outline1 Competitive Environment of Tesco2 Tesco ‘s Corporate and Marketing Strategy3 Balanced Scorecard Approach4 Adoption of Balanced Scorecard by Tesco5 Tesco ‘s Strategic Map in the Coming Old ages6 Financials7 Customers8 Procedures9 Peoples Competitive Environment of Tesco Tesco is the largest nutrient retail merchant in the UK and one of the taking food market retail merchants in the universe. It supplies 30 % of the nutrient purchases made in the UK. More than 550,000 employees service the company ‘s clients in about 5,000 locations spread across 14 states in Europe, Asia and North America ( Tesco plc, 2010, p 1-3 ). The company ‘s operations in the British retailing infinite, coupled with its steady abroad enlargement, have opened it to legion competitory challenges and menaces. In the UK, the company faces strong and increasing competition from its heavyweight challengers like ASDA-Walmart, Sainsbury ‘s and Morrison ( Finch A ; Wood, 2010, p 1-2 ). Each of these administrations is invariably seeking to better its market portion through assorted client focused and efficiency oriented schemes ( Finch A ; Wood, 2010, p 1-2 ). Whilst Tesco continues to take in market portion, gross revenues and profitableness in the UK, it remains under changeless competitory force per unit area and any strategic or market topographic point mistake could hold inauspicious consequences ( Finch A ; Wood, 2010, p 1-2 ). The economic environment in the UK is perchance traveling through its worst convulsion since the 1980s. Increasing unemployment, 1000s of occupation losingss and a really easy resuscitating economic system have dampened the enthusiasm of supermarket shoppers and created hard market conditions for market participants ( Kollewe, 2010, p 1-2 ) Crisp decrease in authorities disbursement, the proposed riddance of 1000s of public sector occupations by the present alliance authorities and the treble addition in academic fees have already led to widespread protests and are expected to impact the economic clime further ( ABC Inc, 2010, p 1 ) Whilst the company is steadily increasing its planetary footmark, the UK continues to be its overpoweringly big market and histories for practically 67 % of its entire gross revenues and 71 % of its net incomes ( Tesco plc, 2010, p 1-3 ) The economic and societal convulsion in the state, along with increased competitory force per unit area from its chief rivals will surely escalate environmental and competitory challenges for the company intense in the coming old ages ( Tesco plc, 2010, p 1-3 ) Tesco has in recent old ages been working at steadily spread outing its planetary operations. Its planetary presence is nevertheless less than that of Walmart, Carrefour and Metro and its place in the planetary retail market, whilst strong and increasing, do non mirror its dominant place in the United Kingdom and it is the grocery leader in merely two abroad markets, Malaysia and Thailand ( Finch A ; Wood, 2010, p 1-2 ) Tesco, like other major houses spread outing strongly into international markets frequently faces different and hard environmental and competitory conditions in its assorted operational parts. Much of the competition in its abroad markets comes from legion local rivals who non merely run with far lesser operating expenses but besides understand local gustatory sensations and penchants much better. Tesco is battling competition in its abroad markets and seeking to set up its presence with the aid of good established local houses and different shop formats ( Tesco plc, 2010, p 1-3 ) However the planetary experiences of assorted supermarket big leagues like Walmart and Carrefour reveal that planetary enlargement is non easy and important market failures can happen from uncomplete apprehension of market demands and pick of market schemes ( Sarkar, 2009, p 1-3 ) Tesco ‘s Corporate and Marketing Strategy Tesco ‘s rapid growing in recent decennaries has been driven by its carefully planned and sustained client focused scheme. The company is perchance the lone retail merchant to appeal to different market sections, upmarket, midrange and low monetary value. It invariably focuses on betterment of client value and services with focussed action in countries like supply concatenation direction, pricing, quality, merchandise scope and in-store every bit good as online client convenience. The company initiated a major strategic alteration in the mid 1990s with the acceptance and customisation of the balanced scorecard attack, shortly after it was foremost advanced by Robert Kaplan and David Norton. Balanced Scorecard Approach The balanced scorecard attack was developed by Kaplan and Norton to supply concerns with a holistic tool for public presentation measuring in different critical countries of concern houses. Whilst much of public presentation measuring in the yesteryear focused on the fiscal facets of the concern, the balanced scorecard approached public presentation measuring from four point of views, viz. the fiscal position, the client position, the concern procedure position and the acquisition and growing position ( Kaplan A ; Norton, 1996, p 7-13 ) The diagram provided below illustrates the assorted dimensions and interactions of the balanced scorecard. ( Beginning: Balanced Scorecard Institute, 2010, p 1 ) The balanced mark card whilst originally constructed for measuring of public presentation is now used for preparation and execution of scheme by concern houses. Administrations following the balanced scorecard set aims in each of these countries and thenceforth formulate marks and enterprises for meeting such aims, every bit good as steps to measure existent advancement in run intoing them ( Kaplan A ; Norton, 1996, p 7-13 ) Its usage enables houses to clear up scheme in footings of the different dimensions outlined by the balanced scorecard tool, communicate strategic aims in different countries, program set marks and align strategic enterprises, and implement systems for accomplishment of feedback and battle of dual cringle acquisition ( Kaplan A ; Norton, 1996, p 7-13 ) Adoption of Balanced Scorecard by Tesco Tesco adopted the balanced scorecard method in the mid 1990s to drive its scheme and operations. Tesco ‘s acceptance of the balanced scorecard method led to the development of the celebrated Tesco Steering Wheel, which was originally divided into four quarter-circles, viz. Customers, People, Operations and Financials ( Kaplan, 2008, p 1-2 ) The Tesco Steering Wheel ( TSW ) originates from the company ‘s nucleus intent and long term aim, viz. the creative activity of value for clients in order to gain their changeless trueness. The company added a 5th dimension to the TSW in 2007, viz. community, in order to promote employees to go first-class citizens and better their communities. A diagram of the new Tesco Steering Wheel with five quarter-circles is provided as under ( Kaplan, 2008, p 1-2 ) ( Beginning: Kaplan, 2008, p 1 ) Tesco ‘s maneuvering wheel helps in guaranting that its 550,000 employees in multiple states work towards presenting typical and undeviating purchasing experiences to consumers in each and every shop. The construct of the TSW came about from the acceptance of the balanced scorecard in the early 1990s when Tesco engaged in a procedure to clarify its mission and scheme to guarantee the realisation of this aim. â€Å" Tesco, ( in the words of Sir Terry Leahy, CEO ) does n’t desire one leader. We want 1000s of leaders who take enterprise to put to death the scheme. † ( Kaplan, 2008, p 1 ) Tesco used the maneuvering wheel, a clear symbol for a tool to drive public presentation and assist employees find the manner into the hereafter, to pass on to its employees. The original TSW has had four equal discharge, stand foring the four countries of balance scorecard focal point, viz. financials, clients, operations, and employees. The company added another dimension, community, to the TSW in 2004 to promote and back up workers to take part in and assist the communities where they work and live ( Tesco plc, 2010, p 1-3 ) Tesco ‘s maneuvering wheel is non easy to implement. Extensive attempts are required by manner of consumer research, aggregation of informations, and analytics to guarantee that aims and prosodies continue to stay appropriate, even as consumer gustatory sensations and penchants alteration and competition intensifies ( Kaplan, 2008, p 1-2 ) All Tesco shops get monthly updates on the guidance wheel, sum-ups of prosodies of the five discharges four discharge, so that Tesco employees in different parts and multiple formats get appropriate public presentation feedback. Tesco adds to the effectivity of its maneuvering wheel study with little lists that explain of import strategic cardinal elements merely so that employees can prosecute in their everyday maps. The TSW has assisted the company in concentrating on its scheme during its rapid growing in the 1990s and the 2000s ( Kaplan, 2008, p 1-2 ) Tesco ‘s Strategic Map in the Coming Old ages Tesco has an established and steady growing scheme that is based upon broadening concern range in order to accomplish sustainable long-run growing by prosecuting clients into big and turning markets at place and new markets overseas ( Kaplan, 2008, p 1-2 ) The company ‘s growing scheme has five chief constituents, viz. ( a ) to accomplish success in international retailing, ( B ) to increase the nucleus UK concern, ( degree Celsius ) to accomplish equal strength in non-food concerns, ( vitamin D ) develop retailing services and ( vitamin E ) topographic point the community at the Centre of all operations. Tesco ‘s concern scheme has been based on variegation during the last decennary and the company intense to beef up its assorted concerns across multiple states and formats during the following two old ages ( Kaplan, 2008, p 1-2 ) The company ‘s strategic aims for the coming two old ages are indicated in the BSC chart provided below. These aims have been based basically on increasing and keeping the of import push countries of the company. Financials Improve group gross revenues by more than 10 % Reduce start-up losingss in the US and do US operations profitable Improve international gross revenues by more than 25 % Improve return on capital employee to 15 % Improve UK market portion by 1 % Customers Focus on clients holding to pass less in the UK Gove clients wellness picks Improve client pick Improve scope of vesture Improve scope and quality of general ware Increase merchandise scope of Tesco bank Make FF a planetary manner trade name Procedures Improve wellness and safety procedures Improve capablenesss of people Improve processes for merchandise safety Improve controls for fraud and conformity Peoples Create 20,000 new occupations each twelvemonth Reward our employees for their work and back up their development Develop leaders with greater strength Better the effectivity of whistle blowing policy Improve diverseness and inclusivity Improve employee keeping to 95 % Apart from the above quarter-circle, Tesco besides has the following strategic aims in Community Care. Tesco has undertaken legion enterprises in labeling of merchandises, decrease of C footmark, deviating shop waste straight to landfill and decrease of C emanation from shops and distribution centres. The strategic aims for the following two old ages in this country have been formed on the footing of Tesco ‘s committedness in specific countries of community attention. Reduce C emanation from shops and distribution centres by 10 % each twelvemonth. Support causes in local communities. By and sell merchandises antiphonal.

Sociological Analysis free essay sample

The True Story of an American Legend I recently saw the film, 42, and found many connections with our Sociology of Sport class. First and foremost, the movie was about the baseball legend, Jackie Robinson. Jack broke the baseball color barrier and was the first African American player allowed in Major League Baseball. He played for the Brooklyn Dodgers beginning in 1947. Jack was a strong talented player, but he also had a mind of his own. He played with an attitude that would be taunting to other players. When he made it to the Montreal Royals in 1 946, he ad to quickly get rid of this taunting, smart attitude.He was the only black player in a time of hatred and prejudice in the United States. Although he had plentiful support, there were many people who did not want Jackie playing baseball at the level he was at. He was faced with constant racist remarks, and sent thousands of letters that included death threats. We will write a custom essay sample on Sociological Analysis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Robinson had to persevere through this hard time to show that he would not give up. By not giving up, and not retaliating he proved to everyone that he was worthy of playing in the major leagues. Jackie Robinson helped his team to six pennants ND one World Series Championship. He was inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 1962, which was the first year he was eligible to be inducted. There were a few main characters in the movie. Chadwick Baseman played Jackie Robinson, and he was the star of the film. Branch Rickety who was played by Harrison Ford, signed Jackie onto the Brooklyn Dodgers. He was crucial in the success of Robinsons career. Nicole Behavior played Rachel Robinson in the film. She was Jackasss wife, and biggest supporter. Ben Chapman, who was played by Alan Dusty, was the manager for the Pittsburgh Pirates. Chapman continually taunted Jackie when he was up to bat.This led to a breakdown by Jackie where he almost quit. But after talking to Branch, Jackie found a way to persevere once again and went back into the game and played extremely well. This was a major turning point in the movie because Jackie was not doing much for his team before this point. After this he broke through and had an incredible season. The most prominent connection made from the movie 42 and Sociology of Sport is race ideology. There is not a point in the movie where you do not see this. Race ideology encourages people to see sport performances in racial terms.Jackie Robinson was seen as only a black man playing with white men. He was not seen as a great baseball player with a wife and child. These racial ideologies influenced how Jackie Robinson was assessed as an athlete. Another topic that I was able to relate to the class from the movie was violence in sport. Although there was no physical violence, there was emotional violence with Jackie. Other players, coaches, managers, and especially fans constantly taunted him. This affected his playing performance until he found a way to use it as intrinsic motivation.The cultural norms of society during this time in history were very different than they are now. Back in the sasss and sasss racism was a major part of society. White and African American people were segregated in many aspects of public life. It was normal for a white person to discriminate against a black person, because it was seen everywhere. There was a specific scene in the movie when fans that were in the stands were tormenting Jackie. There was a little boy at the game with his father. They showed the boy looking around at all the people yelling t Jackie, and then he finally decided it was okay for him to yell something too.This is a point that proves it was a normal part of society to yell at the African American man playing baseball with all white men. This would not be accepted in todays society. If someone spoke to someone the way those people spoke to Jackie, they could be arrested. I thought the movie was fantastic! The characters were perfect and so well played. It really showed all the great aspects of Jackie Robinson and his family. It also portrayed all of the hardships he had to go through and live with everyday.

The Picture of Dorian Gray †Film Essay

The Picture of Dorian Gray – Film Essay Free Online Research Papers The Picture of Dorian Gray Film Essay The MGM film â€Å"The Picture of Dorian Gray† was directed by Albert E. Lewis, in i945.This film was based upon Oscar Wilde ´ s unique novel which has the same name. Lewis was an American filmmaker, producer and screenwriter born in 1894 who first worked as an English instructor and after several and diverse labor activities, he entered to the cinema world as a drama and film critic before working at the MGM in 1924 where he developed his main career. The movie, which is classified as a horror film, tells the story of Dorian Gray, an aristocrat from London who sells his soul to remain young and handsome after meeting Lord Henry Wotton whose influence over Dorian lead the latter to a sordid way of empty pleasure, luxury and sin where morality was a ridiculous word. Albert Lewin personally selected Hurd Hatfield to play the role of Dorian Gray in the 1945 movie version. It was an â€Å"astonishing performance, one that proved virtually unstoppable for Hatfield†; according to The New York Times All Media Movie Page. Hatfield was born in New York, in 1918. George Sanders portrayed Lord Henry Wooton. Born in St. Petersburg, Russia, 1906; he â€Å" was the personification of cynicism, an elegantly dissolute figure whose distinct brand of anomie distinguished dozens of films during a career spanning nearly four decades.† Lowell Gilmore performed Basil Hallward. Gilmore was born in New York, 1906. According to comments taken from All Movie Guide, he was a suave-looking, wavy-haired supporting actor who always seemed more British than American, despite his Midwest origins Angela Lansbury, who performed the famous Jessica Fletcher between 1984 and 1996 on the television series Murder, She Wrote, played the role of Sybil Vane. She won the Best Supporting Actress Golden Globe Award in 1945 for her role in the film. The plot is as follows: Basil Hallward, an artist, painted a young handsome man named Dorian Gray. During the last section of the painting, Dorian met Lord Henry Wotton, a friend of Basil. Lord Henry made Dorian realize of the great but ephemeral beauty he, Dorian had and advised him to enjoy life to the fullest without taking care of any moral principle. Then, looking at the portrait, he wishes out that the painting would get old, but not he. Dorian Gray fell under the influence of Lord Henry, due to the clever way he had to convince him and his good manners. Years went by, and Dorian found certain joy in committing sinful. Each time he did a bad action, the painting became older and uglier while he did not lose his beauty or youth. He was able to destroy lives and also killed Basil, the painter. At the end of the story, he decided to be a good person again and destroyed the picture with the same knife he used to kill Mr. Hallward. When he did it, Dorian Gray was found dead on the floor and the portrait new and beautiful as when it was painted. This film is essentially a black and white one that bursts into Technicolor whenever the picture is shown in close-up. The impact is great each time the picture is seen in color, but in my opinion, the black and white atmosphere made the movie convincing about the theme, definitively. The cinematographer Harry Stradling won as the Best Black and White Cinematography Academy Award in 1945. The sound designer was Douglas Shearer and the music composer was Herbert Stothart. They both were responsible of the music when the picture is finally revealed in all its decay and horror. According to Judith Mayne in her essay Cinema and Spectatorship (1993), the film is about portraiture, and therefore shows an obvious connection to spectatorship. Mayne notes that she is also interested in the gay persona of the author Oscar Wilde and the homosexual implications of the novella on which the film is predicated. Despite some commonalities with classical Hollywood cinema, the film focuses primarily on the looking relations between the male characters in the film and, Mayne suggests, an implicit homosexuality and I agree with her. In conclusion, I can say that the film represents the novel very well. This version evokes the Victorian age perfectly. While Dorian was full of beauty of his eternal youth, his picture not only got older and older, but also assumes a repulsive ugliness that materializes his terrible sins. The room in which the portrait is held is perceived as a forbidden zone set apart from reality, but the only place where he could see himself without any mask. The death of Dorian is a representation of the death of immorality which is, somehow, a symbol of Wilde ´ s conflict because of his own homosexuality, very difficult to face and accept in such an oppressive society. The film begins and ends with the following verses taken from the Roubaiya of Omar Khayyam: â€Å"I sent my soul through the invisible Some letter of that after-life to spell† And by and by my soul returned to me And I answered :†I myself am Heaven and Hell† These verses express conflict, opposition of ideas about the good and the bad. The meaning of them can be interpreted along the development of the movie. At the beginning they sound like introductory questions, at the end, they sound like answers. 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Reconstruction1 essays

Reconstruction1 essays Reconstruction policies proved to be the seeds of failure in American race relations in the 19th century. Reconstruction demanded the Negroes freedom, their civil rights, the opportunity for economic freedom, education and the right to vote. This idea of Negro equality was the most controversial aspect of radical reconstruction, and violence was one of the means used to undermine Reconstruction. Racism and violence have proved to be interrelated factors in American society. In the words of W.E.B. Du Bois The slave went free; stood a brief moment in the sun; then moved back again toward slavery. The Southern whites ideology expressed certain propositions about the black man in society. The abolition of slavery ended the institution but not the system of beliefs, assumptions, and values they held concerning the Negro. Within the context of this white supremacist ideology, racism flourished. The black man was viewed as being part of a caste system where they were relegated to the bottom of the social classes with no legal In the movie The Birth of A Nation the director, D.W. Griffith, interprets the social reality and justifying policies of the Southern white in the 19th century. The tone of the movie infers that blacks are inherently inferior and are incapable of appreciating the freedom given to them. We are introduced to images of the contented slave working complacently in the field, to the freedman who has been corrupted by the Scallywags and Carpetbaggers, to the comic Negro in his clownish clothes, dancing and performing and to the vicious Negro renegade who attacks a white woman. The contrast between the Negro and the Southern white is established not only by characterization but also by southern attitudes and mannerisms. Griffith is re-creating the southern ideal of what it meant to be part of a higher civilization with values and an outlook that shaped the sou...

American football Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

American football - Essay Example Certain sports like football have been there from medieval times. Speaking broadly, sports were and still are played to gain political ends. Healthy and active sports industry results in booming economy of a country. Just like every other country has a national sport, America is known for football after baseball. Football is a game that requires manoeuvring, an alert and clear head and strategies that change with the course of the game. Every sport is a psychological game. That means whichever team utilizes the element of surprise effectively against the opponent wins the game. Unlike rugby and soccer, the American Football involves hands more rather legs. The history of football goes back to the second and third BC centuries in China where it was part of the military exercise. It was known as Tsu’ Chu in which the ball filled with feathers was kicked towards the goal without any use of hands. A similar game called the Japanese Kemari stemmed after some five hundred years. A Greek version of the game called â€Å"Episkyros† was followed by â€Å"Harpastum†, a Roman football game. The game came to England and fragmented into rugby and association football (soccer) in 1863. The introduction of these two games led to the formation of the Football Association in England. Hence, Britain became known as the home of football. (Fifa.com) Unlike contemporary football, in the early stages of the evolution of the game, it was much more disorganized and played violently in fields and villages with no limit on the number of participants. There were no specific rules or code of conduct. With passing time, the rules became defined and brought sophistication to the game in the 19th century. This was the turning point in the essence of football. By then, the game was introduced in schools. It brought out good character in the school students, some of them were loyalty, selflessness, unity, cooperation and respect for one another. Over the passage of time, the Cambridge

Customer Relationship Management For The Birmingham New Library Essay

Customer Relationship Management For The Birmingham New Library - Essay Example These strategies are vital for assessing both the internal and external environments, which are favourable or unfavourable to the successful business activities. The researcher incorporated varied marketing strategies vital for enabling the Birmingham Library to accomplish their goals successfully. The researcher provided varied recommendations which the company should take into considerations in order to achieve successful business performance. The action plan was formulated that attempted to reveal the way the objectives of the company will be achieved. Lastly, the conclusion was included that provided a concise summary of the market report. Customer Relationship Management for the Birmingham New Library Introduction The customer relationship management (CRM) has evolved as an effective approach for enabling companies to interact with their customers effectively in order to achieve their business goals successfully. CRM is a business strategy that enables the company to understand the needs of the clients, retain customers through customer experience, reduce management costs and increase profitability (Kangal, 201, p. 45). Senn, Thoma andYip (2013, p.28) defines CRM strategy as the management process accountable for predicting, identifying customers and satisfying their demanding needs for shared benefit. The CRM strategy integrates sales, services, technology solutions; thus it attempts to bring together every part of the business, which touches the client in order to achieve effective business organizational performance. The Birmingham Library is a new library, which is under construction in the Birmingham centre in England; thus employing effective strategy will enable the company to achieve their intended goals. Therefore, employing CRM strategy will be an effective means that will enable the company to assign, create and manage customer requests; thus contributing to effective business performance. The Birmingham Library will employ CRM strategy because this approach often integrates social media services in order to communicate, share customer opinions and experiences; thereby, building up successful customer relationship. Key Objectives The market report aims to examine the marketing strategies vital for increasing performance in the Birmingham Library. It analyses the internal and external factors that may

Malcomes final speech Essay Example for Free

Malcomes final speech Essay In Malcomes final speech he describes Lady Macbeth as a fiend like queen. Explain how far you think this description of her is justified Lady Macbeth is a very essential character to the play. She is singly responsible for the most tragedy and destruction throughout the play. She is very responsible because she is the one who talks to and persuades Macbeth. But she cannot be purely seen as an evil influence for she is a much more complex character then many would think. We first see Lady Macbeth in act one, scene five when she is reading the letter that Macbeth sent her. When reading the letter, she reads it in an innocent ladylike voice that we will not see much of until later on in the script. As she calmly reads the letter you can see her slowly spiralling towards the more evil sinister way. The letter is read as if he was writing it to his Dearest partner of greatness. He treats her with a lot of respect as if she is an equal. This would seem to be very awkward to an audience in the Shakespearean era for women were seen to be inferior to men. She decides on Macbeths behalf that they are to kill the King Duncan, without Macbeths approval. The only problem is that she thinks that Macbeth is too full of th milk of human kindness to commit such an evil task. She then thinks that she had the power to alter Macbeths mind like an evil conscience. This makes her more evil than seen so far for she is seen as an evil presence. Lady Macbeth feels that in order to commit the murderous task herself she will need to look for help of evil ghosts and spirits to take her body and do the dirty deeds for her. She suggests strong sentences to unsex her and turn her evil. Come to my womens breasts And take my milk for gall. In Shakespeares time the average person in the audience still believed in witches, evil sprits, potions and evil presences, so they would be scared as if it were real. The audience will also look at her in a very strange, different way for she is willing to give up all her femininity for a natural evil. She continues to make obscene comments to hell. Come thick night and pull the In the dunnest smokes of hell. She says this because she wants not to be discovered for it will cost her life if she was discovered. For a stage production I would start with her sitting in darkness on a chair alone with the spot light on her. She would wear a white dress to promote her innocence. The background music would be slow, low and quiet in a solitary tune. As she starts to ponder evil thoughts, I would slowly creep up in tempo and make all the notes more sinister. She would get up and keep her head down as she wanders around the stage reading the letter. As soon as she finishes reading the letter she will raise her head and start to whisper her lines to the audience making eye contact. The lights would be dim as she goes from side to side on the stage. She will get louder and louder until the servant walks in and after he leaves she will continue walking from side to side getting louder and louder until her husband enters and a red light will fade in as she explains the plot to Macbeth. The second time we see her is when she is at dinner acting sweet and innocent when at heart she is completely evil and filled with hate and gall. Duncan ironically and innocently speaks of sweet and good air which has a ironic relationship to Lady Macbeths earlier quote The dunnest smokes of hell in the last scene. In Act 1, Scene 7 we see Lady Macbeth for the third time. She is alone in the bedroom with Macbeth discussing their hidden sinister plan to kill king Duncan and steal his throne. In this scene we can see again how much influence on Macbeth, Lady Macbeth has. Macbeth decides that he wishes not to conduct in this evil scheme any further, but once again Lady Macbeth bends and twists Macbeths mind to see the opportinity the way she does. An audience would again be surprised to see a women taking more or less complete control over Macbeth. Her character would seem very masculine and the power over Macbeth would seem to be some sort of witchs spell, again making her seem more evil than she really is. It would not be surprising to see lady Macbeth fall to even lower levels of murder and in justice for all her goodness and innocence has been completely corrupted by greed, therefore making her nothing more than a victim to her inner evil. Macbeth stands for shining goodness in that moment that he refuses to commit this disruption of the hierarchy for it would not only be a murderous crime, it would also mean that he has turned his back on his God, for the king was seen to be Gods representative on earth. Lady Macbeth uses blackmail to get him to obey her. She starts to accuse him of not loving her and not acting like a real man treats his wife. This is ironic, for she does not treat him as a real husband, but none the less she gets her way through these obscene accusations of him being a coward And live a coward in thine own esteem The last time we see Lady Macbeth is in Act 5 Scene 1, after all planned has successfully happened. In this scene we can see how the aftermath of the killings has actually affected lady Macbeth. The scene begins with lady Macbeth being analysed by a doctor and his decision is that she is suffering mentally. Lady Macbeth is mentally scared and is sleepwalking in anguish. Lady Macbeth is constantantly rubbing and washing this certain spot in her palm because she (and only she) can see a red damned spot of blood. She is conveying images of the murder and she is speaking of the killing of an old man ( King Duncan ). Who would have thought the old man had so much blood in him Through sleep walking and being nervous we can see that Lady Macbeth does have a conscious and is liable to greed instead of being this evil monster which the audience has all seen before. The audience for the first time would start to understand and see that all the evil within her was evil spirits and the greed assigned to every human being. In this last scene with her, as she fall apart we can see all her greed and wickedness being stripped from her just leaving her an image of pure, innocent child like women. As Lady Macbeth becomes mentality ill and losses all her influence and greed it is as if Macbeth and his wife have swooped feelings and brains. Her obsession with a damned spot of blood which she cannot remove from her hand contrasts with her attitude to the blood after Duncans murder, when she says: A little water cleans us of this deed The way an actress would perform this scene would be very different from the way she would act in Act 1 Scene. Her face would be pale and without make-up, and she would wear a white nightdress to suggest return to a vulnerable childlike state. Her voice would be frail and trembling, and some lines, such as The Thane of Fife had a wife would be spoken like child reciting a nursery rhyme. Referring back to the title question, I think that Lady Macbeth cannot be fully justified as a Fiend for she is a normal women who is corrupted by greed and I am sure that many people in the same situation would be very tempted to do something similar.

Mortar Exam 0341 Essay -- essays research papers

0341 NCO Exam 1  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What are the Marine Corps' leadership traits?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Judgment, Justice, Decisiveness, Integrity, Discipline, Tact, Initiative, Enthusiasm, Bearing, Unselfishness, Courage, Knowledge, Loyalty, Endurance 2  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What is the purpose of an NCO?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  To train and supervise subordinate Marines 3  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What is the maximum effective range of the M249 SAW?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1,000 m 4  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What is the sustained rate of fire of the M249?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  85 rounds per minute 5  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What determines a hot barrel for the M249?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  200 rounds in 2 minutes 6  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What is the maximum effective range of the M203 grenade launcher?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Area Target: 350 m; Point Target: 150 m 7  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What are the characteristics of the M252 81mm mortar?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  smooth-bore, muzzle-loaded, high-angle-of-fire weapon, consisting of a cannon, mount, baseplate, and sight unit. 8  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What is the nomenclature of the M252 81mm mortar components?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  M253 mortar cannon, M177 mortar mount, M3A1 baseplate, M64A1 sight unit 9  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What are the weights of each of these components?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  cannon--35 lbs, bipod--27 lbs, baseplate--29 lbs, sight--2.5 lbs 10  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  How many mils of elevation does the sight have?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  about 800 mils or 0800-1600 mils 11  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  How many mils of traverse does the sight have?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  6400 mils 12  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One turn on the traverse handwheel equals how many mils?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  10 mils 13  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What does boresighting do to the weapon system?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  removes the error between the barrel and sight to produce more accurate fire 14  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What does reciprocally laying the mortars in a section do?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  it puts every mortar on the same azimuth of fire 15  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What are the two methods to reciprocally lay a mortar?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   ... ...ound do you use for screening, incendiary action, & signaling?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Smoke 58  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  White phosphorous is stored with the fuze end in what direction?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Up 59  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What is the purpose of camouflage?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  To provide you with cover and concealment 60  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What is Angle T?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When there is more than 500 mils difference between the gun target line and the observer target line.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Practical Application  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Adjust indirect fire  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Lay a mortar with a lensatic compass  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Translate a fire command  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Compute firing data with a plotting board  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Pass a gunner’s exam  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  

2nd Order Vanity

2nd Order Vanity Rick Vigorous is a very jealous finance and pays his therapist, Dr. Jay, to find out everything Lenore thinks. Rick believes this is helping him in his relationship but it’s actually causing conflict and loss of money. This is the typical case of jealousy doing more harm than good. Rick and Lenore are engaged. Rick is 18 years older than Lenore, is divorced, has a son, and is also CEO of Frequent and Vigorous, where Lenore also works. The two met at Dr. Jays.Rick is extremely jealous of Lenore and believes that any unmarried man is a threat to his relationship. Rick continues to see Dr. Jay because he tells him everything Lenore confides in him. Rick is so obsessed that when Lenore doesn’t immediately show up for work he writes in his journal, â€Å"Lenore, come to work, where I am, remove yourself from the shower and come to work now†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (32). The weirdest part of all is that when Lenore isn’t sleeping in the bed with Rick, Rick will h ave a dream about sexually pleasuring Queen Victoria with a tortoise shell hairbrush.Rick suffers greatly from second order vanity. â€Å"A second order vain person will sit up late learning jokes in order to appear funny and charming, but will deny that he sits up late learning jokes. Or he’ll perhaps even try to give the impression that he doesn’t regard himself as funny at all†. Rick may not try to be funny but, he will use Dr. Jay to get info on Lenore and then try giving the opposite impression that he is simply using Dr. Jay for professional help. Rick attempts to hide his obsession with Lenore from her.Even when Lenore gets suspicious of Dr. Jay and Rick working as a team, Dr. Jay goes so far as to lie for Rick and deny the accusation. He also writes about trying to have sex with one of Lenore’s shoes†¦ â€Å"I will confess that I, once in a moment of admittedly irresponsible degeneracy, tried to make love to one of the shoes, a 1989 All-Star high-top, when Lenore was in the shower but failed to be able to bring the thing off, for familiar reasons. † (Wallace 59). He also believes that Dr. Jay is secretly in love with Lenore; Dr.Jay just tells Rick he is insecure. Another example of Rick’s insecurity is the way he acts when he meets Wang Dang Lang in the gay bar. He notices that he hasn’t peed once after drinking so many beers. Rick thinks that this is manly and admires Wang for that and decides he won’t pee until Wang pees, or else that will show weakness. Rick ultimately comes up with an excuse to use the bathroom. He tells Wang he wants to see if his initials are still carved in the stall from when he went to college. Wang Dang Lang follows behind him.Rick even admires the way Wang Dang Lang takes a leak and aims for the deodorant. Rick and the guy who suffers from second order vanity act like they’re not trying to hide their insecurities in the first place. This is something people suffer with daily. Lenore is just a kind person with some insecurity, but not nearly as much as Rick. She is a little lost trying to find her place in the world, which is why she sees Dr. Jay to help her with identity struggles. Lenore has a successful father with lots of money but she chooses to work a minimum wage job at Frequent and Vigorous.Her grandmother Lenore, who she visits all the time, is MIA and her brother LaVache has a fake leg with drawers for hiding his weed. Lenore suffers from hygiene anxiety and Rick estimates she showers about 5-8 times a day. She spends most of her time with Dr. Jay discussing hygiene anxiety, which basically means she feels dirty in stressful situations. Dr. Jay just wants Rick and Lenore’s money and will do anything to get it. For example: betraying Lenore’s trust by telling everything she talks to him about to Rick. Then when Lenore tells Dr.Jay she’s out of money and can’t see him, Dr. Jay advises her to come back as soon as she gets money because he is â€Å"here for her†, and to† get Rick to give her money†. Dr. Jay is a quack and a con artist! All Dr. Jay talks about is the smell of breakthrough. Lenore calls Dr. Jay, â€Å"the worst psychologist of all time†. She pays him roughly 2/3 of what she makes and still continues to see the guy! In the story about the man who suffers from second order vanity, he goes to enormous lengths to hide his vanity from his beautiful girlfriend which whom he lives with. This is just like Rick.

Responsibilities and Boundaries Essay

Roles, responsibilities and boundaries are evolving qualities within a teacher that are assessed through the teacher/training cycle. To become a successful tutor you will need to understand this cycle and include it in your daily teaching routine. The role of every tutor is to value all their learners individually and equally. A tutor has a duty of care towards learners, implicating they should carry out initial assessments of every learner, to understand their learning abilities. Every learner should be provided with any additional support they require. The learner has the responsibility to tell the tutor of any additional support they need, and the tutor should act upon this information at once to ensure the support is provided. Every organisation has different methods of teaching and providing support for learners. The tutor should know how to get access for additional support the learner needs. As learners develop a better understanding of the aims and objectives, their needs and requirements change. This should be reflected in continual reassessment. An organisation has many different initial assessments; it is the tutor’s job to know all of these. So the work can be based upon the needs of the organisation, the syllabus and the learners. As a tutor I must keep all records of teaching, plans and progression reports. I need to understand the different abilities each learner has. When I plan a lesson I must entail all the various learning methods are included, thus all learners gain some knowledge from the course. I will need to plan the lesson appropriately including the different learning styles; auditory, visual and kinaesthetic. The most common way a tutor understands the learning styles of a learner is to present them with a quiz, to analyse their own learning style. As a result the tutor will have a better understanding of the learners learning styles. To provide effective teaching I shall have to assess myself. I can do this by asking learners to fill out a questionnaire about the presentation and efficiency regarding my teaching techniques. With this information I can evaluate my teaching methods, so as to modify or make changes in the future. I shall know which new activities to plan and find the correct resources for them. Furthermore I will know what the learners expect of me and how I can stimulate their learning forward to help them reach their full potential and progress further. It is the tutor’s responsibility to make sure they have gained skills they need for the subject area they wish to teach. They are aware of all the learner abilities and to certify the learners have gained necessary skills and knowledge. The tutor has to make sure all handouts and presentations are thoroughly checked, as any mistake can have a lasting effect on the individual learner. Additionally to keep all learners engaged on the subject the tutor must use variable tactics of teaching. The boundaries of a tutor are placed to maintain a friendly but professional environment, so that the tutor or the learner cannot take advantage of either position. ‘Boundaries allow you to express your limits and to communicate the conditions or availability of certain privileges that your students desire’ (B. Jane 2010). The tutor can phone the learner, for delay of coursework or continuous absences, but it is prohibited for the teacher to harass the learner. As a tutor it is unacceptable to get emotionally involved with a student. If they require any counselling, it is the tutor’s job to reflect upon what is being said to them. As a responsible tutor it would be my utmost priority to signpost them to a counsellor within the organisation, without betraying their trust. In consequence maintaining contact on professional grounds.

Free Essays on Stalin And The JAC

Modern World History Joseph Stalin led the Socialist Soviet Union in the â€Å"Revolution from Above,† a movement to centralize the government and transform society without popular participation . Because Stalin’s radical goals were vicious for the populace to attain, his legitimacy was based on the credibility of his ideological authority . In protection of that conviction, Stalin was in constant fear of competitive initiative and philosophy. Stalin subjected society and culture to strict party surveillance and control, issuing pro-socialist, xenophobic propaganda, censoring literature, art, and media, and launching anti-religious campaigns . In addition to his confiscation of religious property and denunciation of belief, Stalin was a contemptuous anti-Semite, using Jewish people as a symbol of corrupt capitalist ethic. However, in 1941, Stalin discontinued his Jewish intolerance and supported the formation of the Jewish Antifascist Committee (JAC) in 1942, contradicting practiced St alinism and amending his previously unquestionable policy. Even after WWII, Stalin collaborated with the United States and supported the creation of a Jewish State in Palestine. Soviet Jews raised great hope for future friendship and cooperation with the government . Suddenly, in 1948, Stalin changed his position again, dissolving the JAC, arresting prominent Jews, and beginning the â€Å"Black Years† of refreshed repression and anti-Semitism. Although Stalin’s drastic doctrinal oscillations were completely out of character for the immovable dictator, the changes in Jewish administration were not the only exceptions in his etiology that Stalin made from WWII to his death. The effects of Stalin’s inconstancies were inevitably destructive to his legitimacy and authority. What compelled a fanatically unyielding and calculating dictator to alter his policy self-preservation, miscalculation, composite guilt, or deteriorating mentality? â€Å"... Free Essays on Stalin And The JAC Free Essays on Stalin And The JAC Modern World History Joseph Stalin led the Socialist Soviet Union in the â€Å"Revolution from Above,† a movement to centralize the government and transform society without popular participation . Because Stalin’s radical goals were vicious for the populace to attain, his legitimacy was based on the credibility of his ideological authority . In protection of that conviction, Stalin was in constant fear of competitive initiative and philosophy. Stalin subjected society and culture to strict party surveillance and control, issuing pro-socialist, xenophobic propaganda, censoring literature, art, and media, and launching anti-religious campaigns . In addition to his confiscation of religious property and denunciation of belief, Stalin was a contemptuous anti-Semite, using Jewish people as a symbol of corrupt capitalist ethic. However, in 1941, Stalin discontinued his Jewish intolerance and supported the formation of the Jewish Antifascist Committee (JAC) in 1942, contradicting practiced St alinism and amending his previously unquestionable policy. Even after WWII, Stalin collaborated with the United States and supported the creation of a Jewish State in Palestine. Soviet Jews raised great hope for future friendship and cooperation with the government . Suddenly, in 1948, Stalin changed his position again, dissolving the JAC, arresting prominent Jews, and beginning the â€Å"Black Years† of refreshed repression and anti-Semitism. Although Stalin’s drastic doctrinal oscillations were completely out of character for the immovable dictator, the changes in Jewish administration were not the only exceptions in his etiology that Stalin made from WWII to his death. The effects of Stalin’s inconstancies were inevitably destructive to his legitimacy and authority. What compelled a fanatically unyielding and calculating dictator to alter his policy self-preservation, miscalculation, composite guilt, or deteriorating mentality? â€Å"...

Overview of the Country of Georgia

Overview of the Country of Georgia Technically located in Asia but having a European feel, the country of Georgia is a republic that was formerly part of the Soviet Union. It obtained its independence on April 9, 1991, when the USSR disbanded. Prior to that, it was called the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic. Key Takeaways: The Country of Georgia The country of about 5 million borders the Black Sea and has a subtropical climate at lower elevations.Georgias mountainous region provides it with diversity in its climates, based on elevation.Parts of the country have been in dispute almost since the moment it won its independence with the breakup of the Soviet Union. Capital and Major Cities More than half of the population of the country lives in urban areas. Capital: Tbilisi, population 1 million (2018 est.) The ancient capital city lies on in a gorge of the Kura River. Other major cities: Batumi, Kutaisi Government The government of Georgia is a republic, and it has a unicameral (one chamber) legislature (parliament). The leader of Georgia is president Giorgi Margvelashvili, with Giorgi Kvirikashvili serving as prime minister. People of Georgia The population of Georgia is about 4.9 million people but there is a declining population growth rate, coming in at 1.76 fertility rate (2.1 is the population replacement level). Major ethnic groups in Georgia include the Georgians, at almost 87 percent; Azeri, 6 percent (from Azerbaijan); and Armenian, at 4.5 percent. All others make up the remainder, including Russians, Ossetians, Yazidis, Ukrainians, Kists (an ethnic group primarily living in the Pankisi Gorge region), and Greeks. Languages The languages spoken in Georgia include Georgian, which is the countrys official language. The Georgian language is thought to have origins in ancient Aramaic and sounds (and looks) distinct and unlike any other languages. The BBC notes, Some consonants, for example, are pronounced from the back of the throat with a sudden guttural puff of air. Other languages spoken in Georgia include Azeri, Armenian, and Russian, but the official language of the Abkhazia region is Abkhaz. Religion The country of Georgia is 84 percent Orthodox Christian and 10 percent Muslim. Christianity became the official religion in the fourth century, though its location near the Ottoman and Persian empires and Mongols made it a battleground for influence there. Geography Georgia is strategically located in the Caucasus mountains, and its highest point is Mount  Shkhara, at 16,627 feet (5,068 m). The country occasionally suffers from earthquakes, and one-third of the country is forested. Coming in at 26,911 square miles (69,700 sq km), it is slightly smaller than South Carolina and borders Armenia, Azerbaijan, Russia, Turkey, and the Black Sea. As would be expected, population density decreases with an increase in altitude, as the climate becomes more inhospitable and atmosphere thinner. Less than 2 percent of the population of the world lives above 8,000 feet. Climate Georgia has a pleasant Mediterranean, subtropical kind of climate in lower elevations and at the coast due to its latitudinal location along the Black Sea and protection from cold weather from the north via the Caucasus mountains. Those mountains also give the country additional climates based on elevation, as at moderately high elevations, there is an alpine climate, without much of a summer. At the highest, there is snow and ice year-round. The countrys southeastern regions are the driest, as the rain amounts increase the closer one gets to the sea. Economy Georgia, with its pro-Western views and developing economy, hopes to join both NATO and the European Union. Its currency is the Georgian lari. Its agricultural products include grapes (and wine), sugar beets, tobacco, plants for essential oils, citrus fruits, and hazelnuts. People also raise bees, silkworms, poultry, sheep, goats, cattle, and pigs. About half of the economy comes from agricultural products, employing about one-quarter of the working population. Mining includes manganese, coal, talc, marble, copper, and gold, and the country also has various small industries, such as chemicals/fertilizer. History In the first century, Georgia was under the dominion of the Roman Empire. After time spent under the Persian, Arab, and the Turkish empires, it had its own golden age in the 11th through 13th centuries. Then the Mongols came. Next, the Persian and Ottoman Empires each wanted to dominate the area. In the 1800s, it was the Russian Empire that took over. After a brief period of independence following the Russian Revolution, the country was absorbed into the USSR in 1921. In 2008, Russia and Georgia fought five days over the breakaway region of South Ossetia in the north. It and Abkhazia have long been outside of the control of the Georgian government. They have their own de-facto governments, are supported by Russia, and thousands of Russian troops are still occupying the region. South Ossetia had claimed independence from Georgia in the 1990s, creating a need for peacekeeping troops there after some sporadic fighting. Abkhazia had also declared its independence, though both regions are technically still part of Georgia as far as most of the world is concerned. Russia has recognized their independence but also has built military bases there that fly the Russian flag, and its military has put up border fencing around peoples homes, through peoples fields, and in the middle of towns. The village of Khurvaleti (700 people) is split between Russian-controlled land and that which is under Georgian control.

Respiratory therapy case study asthma Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Respiratory therapy case study asthma - Essay Example P: The patient must be treated aggressively since she is presenting symptoms of life-threatening exacerbations of asthma, including: severe asthma history, poorly controlled asthma, psychological factors/anxiety, previous hospitalization for asthma, and history of intubations with mechanical ventilation. Albuterol must also be stopped as this further aggravates bronchospasm. Hence, the following respiratory care protocol must therefore be administered: (1) 100 percent nonrebreather face mask, (2) continuous SaO2 monitor/pulse oximetry, (3) inhaled short acting beta2-agonist hourly or continuously with the addition of anticholinergic, (4) IV fluid is a must since insensible water losses are increased with the work of breathing. IV hydration also helps in reducing viscosity and mucus plugging; however, urine input and output should be monitored to avoid overhydration, (5) intravenous corticosteroids, (6) CBC, electrolytes, ABG, chest radiograph, EKG, and theophylline level should be o btained (Veteran Health Administration, 2002). Leukotriene modifiers is known for its anti - inflammatory effects and should be added to the aforementioned medications (Louisiana State University database, 2006). Additionally, ABG revealed that patient has metabolic acidosis (HCO3- 19 mmol/L), an ominous sign of asthma. The patient has metabolic acidosis as a compensatory mechanism of impending respiratory alkalosis. Treating the underlying causes of respiratory alkalosis such as anxiety and asthma per se is a must to avoid further complication. It should be noted that if possible, intubation and mechanical ventilation should be avoided if at all possible, because the â€Å"underlying dynamic hyperinflation will worsen with positive-pressure ventilation† (Werner, 2001). Inspection: high fowler’s position, pursed-lips breathing, cyanotic, using accessory muscles of inspiration,

Negotiation Process Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Negotiation Process - Assignment Example The potential process for carrying out the negotiation activity to generate a win-win situation for the two parties would also be reflected while the different drawbacks relating to the meeting of the negotiation process and ways of countering such would also be rightly dealt with in the paper. A key approach pertaining to the negotiation process that would contribute in researching the negotiators of the government and the potential of government’s operation related to the development and procurement of GPS product can be identified as the Integrative or the Interest-Based Bargaining approach. The Interest-Based Bargaining Approach contributes in generating a collaborative approach such that both the parties to the negotiation aim in understanding others’ needs to help in generating a win-win situation. Use of Interest-Based or Integrative Bargaining approach helps in building of trust between the different parties to the negotiation process such that the same helps in understanding the interests and potential of the other party to the negotiation agreement (Spangler, 2003). Garmin Ltd. operating in United States can be considered as a key competitor relating to the production of small GPS Guidance Equipment. The GPS Products produced by the company contribute in providing street navigation advantages for automobile and motorcycle drivers. Similarly the company also provides navigation facilities for trucks and also helps in planning for trips. The GPS products contribute in generating effective navigation facilities in terms generating effective information and 3D imagery pertaining to landmarks, important buildings and also street names. GPS products produced by Garmin Ltd. are enabled with speech technology and also help in generation of real maps helping in generating effective directions to the drivers. Similarly the GPS products are also enabled with effective features that get linked to

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 107

Assignment Example Chapter 22 is called genitourinary alterations. This chapter talks about diseases that attack the urinary tract and the genitals. The chapter further provides treatment and nursing care for victims suffering from genitourinary alterations. It also talks about the pathophysiology of these alterations. Chapter 23 on the other hand, talks about gastrointestinal alterations. These are defects that affect the gastrointestinal tract. The chapter then goes deeper to further elaborate on these alterations. The chapter then gives as ways in which we can take care of patients diagnosed with these alterations. Chapter 24 talks about respiratory alterations. These are diseases that affect the lungs and trachea; the respiratory system. These alterations hinder with the intake of oxygen in the body and may also lead to an increase in production of carbon dioxide in the body. The chapter then tells means of controlling and treating these alterations. In conclusion, upon completion of the reading of this book a student should be able to know pharmacological treatments for these alterations. Pharmacology deals with the study of drug action. Hence one should know which drug is appropriate for which disease and how the drug acts in the

Change Management and Communication Plan Essay Example for Free

Change Management and Communication Plan Essay Riordan Manufacturing is doing big things to improve their organization. They have decided to change how the organization manages their customer management system. The company has not had any formal system for managing their customer information and has in the past left this up to each individual employee. This new system will incorporate the use of one customer management system that will be accessed by all employees. Our team will be assisting with this process and will ensure that our plan will make Riordan more effective. During this process we will need to have several planning meetings to assist with the implementation of this new process and the use of our new customer management system. We as a team will ensure that all steps are carefully planned and well presented to the employees. Our number one goal is to make the company more effective. The topics we will need to address include the organizational structure to include chain of command, organizational culture, and the strategy we will use to make these changes effective. Their current method of management is the chain of command. This allows each division to have a supervisor and many levels between the bottom and the top. The level of supervision includes supervisors, middle managers, and executive managers. The informal power structure is a team-oriented working environment. Assignments are currently being completed by appropriate communication among the employees. The lack of focus on individual success is often overlooked. Decentralization can also be a disadvantage as it can lead to control problems for management. This structure can generally increase conflict among employees. The most effective organizational structure that would benefit Riordan would include self-directed teams. Riordan’s team environment would be excellent for  self-directed teams. Self-directed teams can offer several advantages. The largest factor we considered is motivating the employees. This will allow them the highest level of job satisfactory by boosting morale and giving them meaningful positions. Employees that have high levels of job satisfactory are much more engaged in supporting their organization. An employee’s behavior is influenced by their company’s culture. The organizational culture at Riordan includes fairness, dedication, teamwork, performance evaluations and benefits accommodations. Everything the company offers is factored into the culture. These influence an employee’s motivation and will help an employee grow and gain additional experience and knowledge. Some potential influences include career advancement, job security which in return will lead to loyal employees, excellent customer service provided by the employees, and compensation satisfaction. One of the most difficult challenges a company is tasked with is implementing change. As long as a company knows and understands how to effectively implement change, the less resistance they will receive. Reasons that employees resist change include: lack of awareness to the change, fear of being out of comfort zone, fear of not understanding the reasons for change, personal feelings towards the change, conflicts, and fear for lack of job security. Management should always be prepared to effectively deal and handle the resistance most employees will impose. Some strategies Riordan Company should follow include; effective communication of any ideas and implementation of change prior to the change date. Management should always be mindful of employee concerns and work on different training methods to help them cope with any changes that will be occurring. Every employee should be given the opportunity to provide feedback regarding the changes. Another strategy is to expect the resistance when implementation takes place. The best way to handle that is to address it formally and identify the root causes of the change as well as appoint the right leaders to effectively communicate and address any potential issues. As far as the implementation of the new system goes, the next 12 months will be critical. A plan will help to dictate the direction in which the plan will take the business. Providing a detailed step-by-step instruction manual, so to speak, will be the best chance for the success of the implementation. It may take a bit longer, but implementing the plan only one step at a time will make for  an effortless transaction from one norm to the next. This will also allow for feedback of the employees without aggravation, which will also give them time for significant improvements. At first, the employees will likely be confused by the change. It will take time to adapt to the new norm before an evaluation of the success can be determined. Training will be of great importance. Having a pre-knowledge of the upcoming events will prepare the employees for the inevitable. We know that the change is coming and so should they. The customer base is the best way to know for sure if the plan is effective. Most businesses only exist as a service to a customer; therefore, training the employees on the right and wrong reactions to the customers and the service that they r eceive will be the primary goal for Riordan Manufacturing. This will give the sense that the company is making the necessary changes to better serve them. The Communication Plan Riordan Manufacturing communication plan will consist of a formal email being sent to all managers in charge of specific sectors about the Change Management Plan with a follow up of sector face-to-face meetings. A formal email being sent out will ensure the message being delivered in a timely fashion to prepare the managers for the change. It will also give them more time to prepare a face-to-face meeting with all sector employees before the change is made. The face-to-face meeting will ensure the employees that Riordan Manufacture messages about any change that could affect them are being relayed on a more personable level. This channel will also allow manager to receive feedback from employees whether it is questions or concerns. A barrier that could be a problem for the managers trying to deliver this Change Management Plan is Communication Apprehension. This kind of barrier takes place when an individual gets extremely nervous, anxious, or even tense when speaking or trying to send any type of communication to others. Since the managers are going to have individual face-to-face meeting with their group of employees, we hope that each manager will have the courage to speak up effectively and accurately about the change. To ensure that there has been effective communication to all employees the managers who delivered  the messages will have to send a report back about the reactions shared by the employees during the meeting. Riordan Manufacturing is excited to announce a new customer management system. This new system will be accessible by all employees and will allow us to provide the most effective customer service possible. During the next few weeks, Department Managers will have face to face meetings with all staff members. Team A will provide an overview of the new system and will allow the opportunity for employees to address concerns and ask questions. Please take this time and offer feedback, your feedback and concerns are vital to the success of this organization. Our number one goal is to deliver the best customer service to both internal and external customers. Together we can make this change a success. In conclusion communication and planning are the two most important things when implementing change within any organization. Employees need to know that their input is appreciated and heard. Allowing managers and employees the opportunity to provide feedback will increase morale and will maintain high levels of job satisfaction. Riordan Manufacturing has taken the necessary steps to implement the new customer management system with proper planning and communication.